Will cicadas summon more snakes?

The Cicada Brood X is expected to hit the ground in 2021 in 15 states in the eastern and central US. One of the many concerns for both residents and wildlife enthusiasts is whether the additional presence of cicadas will increase the local snake population. Whether you’re worried about avoiding snake bites or simply wondering about the impact of such an event on your local ecosystem, it’s hard to deny that the upcoming appearance of cicadas is one of the most exciting environmental news of the year.

Preparing for a plentiful population of cicadas

It is estimated that the population of cicadas emerging from the ground this year is in the billions. This is a truly mind-boggling number of insects, so it’s no surprise that tourists from all over the country plan to witness this amazing event that happens only once every 17 years.

Humans aren’t the only observers excited about the cicadas. Local carnivores and omnivores, from birds to moles, snakes and foxes, almost always dine well during cicada season. Because of this, locals often notice a clear increase in animal populations, especially in areas where cicadas are expected to appear. Without the ability to read news bulletins, one can only assume that these predators can hear cicadas living below the Earth’s surface.

Why cicadas are such easy prey

Cicadas are peaceful creatures with no natural defenses. When they first emerge from the ground, they are often disoriented and vulnerable. Having crawled out to the surface, the cicada nymph creeps up to the nearest tree and begins the molting process. Cicadas are completely immobile during molting, making them incredibly easy to catch. If they go through a moult, they will develop into an adult cicada and gain the ability to fly.

Cicadas almost always appear in huge numbers. There is something magical about billions of insects crawling out of the ground, molting, and then immediately flying into the air. However, because their numbers are so large, the presence of predators is important to ensure a limited environmental impact. Cicadas are caught during all stages of their short surface life cycle, which lasts about 6 weeks.

The survival tactics that cicadas use to survive in the presence of predators is known as a predator sedative. In fact, cicadas emerge from the ground in such large numbers that no matter how many local predators eat them, many of them will survive to create the next generation. Since cicadas only live on the surface for a few short weeks, it is no surprise that they employ such self-sacrifice tactics to ensure the success of their young.

During their life cycle, cicadas lay their eggs on as many plant surfaces as possible. Eggs hatch 6 weeks after laying. The cubs then burrow into the ground, looking for roots to eat, and immediately begin their 17-year underground life. Each clutch contains about 600 eggs, which means that there will be almost a lot of cicadas to raise the next generation.

Will there be more snakes in the cicada season?

One ecological myth that is often repeated is that there are more snakes around in cicada season. While it is true that the presence of such easy prey is incredibly attractive to predators, many people wonder if the snake population is actually increasing during these events.

The real truth is that the appearance of cicadas is pulling preexisting snakes out of their hiding place. Copperhead snakes are found throughout the forests of Pennsylvania; you just don’t usually notice them because they are so good at staying out of sight. Snake populations are already difficult to estimate, but there seems to be no reason to believe that more snakes will appear during this event. Any snakes that bask on the rocks or catch cicadas just crawled out of their lairs at this momentous event.

Another common theory is that snakes travel long distances to reach cicada spawning grounds. Researchers have confirmed that copperheads will travel up to a mile from their usual habitat to attend a feast of cicadas. However, long distances are too dangerous for the copperhead’s usual travel.

How cicadas increase the Snake’s chances of survival

Only the already present snakes are able to be present at the feast of the cicadas. However, one of the many effects of the cicada season is that any populations of snakes that are able to enjoy the cicada harvest are more likely to live longer and reproduce in greater numbers. Many young snakes are usually born one year after the cicadas appear. This population surge will continue until resources begin to deplete and natural decline begins.

Many observers like to point out that copperhead snakes are incredibly venomous and talented hunters who do not need to eat cicadas to survive. However, with such an abundance of delicious food available, these upscale predators seem to have no problem with relaxation and composure. Photographers love to capture copperheads swallowing whole cicadas.

How to protect yourself from snakes by watching cicadas

If you’re heading into the woods to watch cicadas and take photos, you should take care not to accidentally bump into the frightened copperhead. Here are some tips to help you stay safe during your summer adventure:

• Stay at least 10 feet away from copperheads. Coming closer, you run the risk of a real bite.
• Move slowly, approaching rocks, trees, and other places where the copperhead might be hiding. Scaring these snakes is the easiest way to bite them.
• Wear high boots made of leather or other thick material. Even if you get bitten, the shoes should protect you.
• If you are bitten, call 911 immediately and stop to prevent the poison from spreading.

The appearance of the cicada is an amazing sight, and watching the snakes enjoying the fun makes it so much better. Look out for both the magical insects and the many animals that enjoy this rare but delightful reward this year.

Next: Can dogs eat cicadas?